Many people think of Alberta as being a new society or having little history. This is not true. The oldest inhabited sites in Alberta are more than twice as old as the oldest Egyptian pyramid and nearly five times as old as the Parthenon, the most famous temple of ancient Greek culture. This means that Alberta's First Nations have a very long and rich history in this area. Most archaeologists and historians would probably agree that a history of 12,000 years or more is much the same thing as having always been here. In 1871 the First Nations of Western Canada began to sign Treaties with the government. The exact legal meaning of these treaties remains an important issue. However, these treaties allowed settlement of non-Aboriginal Canadians on lands in western Canada in return for specified annual payments and other benefits. More and more Europeans and Americans started trickling into Southern Alberta to participate in the rapidly expanding fur trade. Some brought guns, whiskey and a lawless lifestyle that thrived until the arrival of the North West Mounted Police in 1874.
American cowboys such as John Ware brought the first cattle into the province in 1876. American style open range dry land ranching began to dominate southern Alberta by the 1880's, where cattle today out number people in the province. The nearby city of Calgary became the center of the Canadian cattle industry, earning the nickname "Cow-town". Do you ever wonder what life was like in the Wild West, when cowboys roamed the land looking for adventure and outlaws wandered the streets looking for trouble? This was a time when the North West Mounted Police force was created to restore order to the untamed territory of southern Alberta. A hard day's work started with getting up before dawn to work cattle and ended with beef stew, a roaring fire and a guitar. You don't need a horse and a time-machine to relive the heyday of the Wild, Wild West. Just follow Alberta's Cowboy Trail throughout southern Alberta to experience life in the saddle.
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